With a typical Rails memory footprint, you can expect to run 2-4 Unicorn worker processes. This limits how many processes you can run in a single dyno. In Unicorn terminology these are referred to as worker processes not to be confused with Heroku worker processes which run in their own dynos.Įach forked OS process consumes additional memory. Unicorn forks multiple OS processes within each dyno to allow a Rails app to support multiple concurrent requests without requiring them to be thread-safe. Unicorn worker processes worker_processes Integer(ENV || 3) To manually configure this value use heroku config:set WEB_CONCURRENCY. The environment variable WEB_CONCURRENCY will be set to a default value based on dyno size. For information on other available configuration operations, see Unicorn’s documentation. The above assumes a standard Rails app with ActiveRecord and New Relic for monitoring. Puts 'Unicorn worker intercepting TERM and doing nothing. Puts 'Unicorn master intercepting TERM and sending myself QUIT instead'ĪctiveRecord::! For a simple Rails application, we recommend the following basic configuration: # config/unicorn.rb ConfigĬreate a configuration file for Unicorn at config/unicorn.rb, or at a path of your choosing. Run bundle install to set up your bundle locally. Adding Unicorn to your application Gemfileįirst, add Unicorn to your app’s Gemfile: gem 'unicorn' Unicorn is a Rack HTTP server that uses forked processes to handle multiple incoming requests concurrently. See Managing Multiple Environments for an App for more info. For basic Rails setup, see Getting Started with Rails.Īlways test your new deployments in a staging environment before you deploy to your production application. This guide will walk you through deploying a new Rails application to Heroku using the Unicorn web server. The Unicorn web server lets you run any Rails application concurrently by running multiple Ruby processes in a single dyno. But most Ruby applications don’t support this today. The framework is gradually moving away from this design towards a thread safe implementation that allows for concurrent processing of requests in a single Ruby process. The Rails framework was originally designed to process one request at a time. Therefore it is recommended to use concurrent request processing whenever developing and running production services. Web applications that process requests concurrently make much more efficient use of dyno resources than web applications that only process one request at a time. If you are using Unicorn, your application is not protected against a slow client attack. Here’s what my full /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default looks like for reference.Heroku recommends using the Puma web server instead of Unicorn. passenger-config about ruby-commandĬopy and paste the Ruby path (for me it was /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.5/wrappers/ruby) into /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default. Now we need to get the path of the Ruby we just installed. Configure nginx to use the new Ruby version We could install Ruby any way we want but I’m going to use RVM. We could have configured Ruby 2.6.5 from the start but I didn’t want to add more steps and make things more confusing. Unfortunately, my hello_world application uses Ruby 2.6.5, so Ruby 2.5 isn’t going to work. When we set up nginx and Passenger in the previous step, we configured the server with Ruby 2.5. Its repo is public, so feel free to use my app instead of yours for practice if you want. Clone the applicationįor the rest of this tutorial I’m going to use a certain Rails application of mine called hello_world. In this step we’re going to clone our Rails application, make sure the server’s Ruby version matches the application’s Ruby version, and install the application’s dependencies. If you found this page via search, I recommend starting from the beginning. This is part 3 of my series on how to deploy a Ruby on Rails application to AWS.
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